tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-78032414085609314902012-03-02T09:31:36.232-08:00cékikihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18409294708156283150noreply@blogger.comBlogger31100tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7803241408560931490.post-75558347391447454782009-03-12T16:46:00.000-07:002010-05-29T14:05:26.509-07:00<a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_Z48QnBq5uhQ/Sbrw1jrlonI/AAAAAAAAArU/aBR30CG87JI/s1600-h/fourmi_pucerons_10.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5312823513338716786" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_Z48QnBq5uhQ/Sbrw1jrlonI/AAAAAAAAArU/aBR30CG87JI/s400/fourmi_pucerons_10.jpg" style="cursor: pointer; height: 400px; width: 351px;" /></a><br /><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_Z48QnBq5uhQ/SbmifizoYmI/AAAAAAAAArM/9vG5CFtN1wo/s1600-h/alienus_puceron_01af.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5312455898263216738" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_Z48QnBq5uhQ/SbmifizoYmI/AAAAAAAAArM/9vG5CFtN1wo/s320/alienus_puceron_01af.jpg" style="cursor: pointer; height: 246px; width: 320px;" /></a><br /><span style="font-size: 130%;">La principale ressource nutritive de bon nombre d'espèces de fourmis est tirée du miellat des pucerons.</span><br /><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_Z48QnBq5uhQ/SbmfG4ZRAKI/AAAAAAAAAqE/_QmwoanaRDM/s1600-h/crematogaster_association_puceron.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5312452176026599586" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_Z48QnBq5uhQ/SbmfG4ZRAKI/AAAAAAAAAqE/_QmwoanaRDM/s200/crematogaster_association_puceron.jpg" style="cursor: pointer; height: 249px; width: 269px;" /></a><br /><style> <!-- /* Style Definitions */ p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal {mso-style-parent:""; margin:0cm; margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";} @page Section1 {size:612.0pt 792.0pt; margin:70.85pt 70.85pt 70.85pt 70.85pt; mso-header-margin:36.0pt; mso-footer-margin:36.0pt; mso-paper-source:0;} div.Section1 {page:Section1;} --> </style> <br /><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 130%;">Cet apport de sucre peut représenter l'unique source de glucides de la colonie.<span style="color: black;"> Le puceron excrète par l'anus les sucres qu'il ne peut pas assimiler. </span><br /></span></div><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_Z48QnBq5uhQ/SbmglmXW9YI/AAAAAAAAAqc/-caKx-aB_1M/s1600-h/fourmi_pucerons_3fc.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5312453803274335618" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_Z48QnBq5uhQ/SbmglmXW9YI/AAAAAAAAAqc/-caKx-aB_1M/s320/fourmi_pucerons_3fc.jpg" style="cursor: pointer; height: 286px; width: 320px;" /></a><span style="font-size: 130%;"><br /></span><br /><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 130%;"><br /></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 130%;">Les ouvrières titillent les pucerons avec leurs antennes pour les inciter à extraire le miellat tout en les protégeant des prédateurs comme les coccinelles. <span style="color: black;"> </span> Ainsi soignés, les pucerons sont plus gras et se reproduisent bien plus vite. Les fourmis recherchent des pucerons faisant beaucoup de miellat. <span style="color: black;"><br /></span></span></div><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_Z48QnBq5uhQ/SbmhOZthO6I/AAAAAAAAAq8/77T_u_80eJw/s1600-h/fourmi_pucerons_19.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5312454504252259234" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_Z48QnBq5uhQ/SbmhOZthO6I/AAAAAAAAAq8/77T_u_80eJw/s320/fourmi_pucerons_19.jpg" style="cursor: pointer; height: 320px; width: 295px;" /></a><br /><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 130%;"><span style="color: black;"><br /></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 130%;"><span style="color: black;">Le miellat est très riche en fructose, sucrose et glucose . De plus, on y a recensé plus de 20 acides aminés (les pucerons excrètent environ 1/3 de l'azote absorbé). </span>Si les fourmis trouvent d'autres pucerons plus juteux ou moins corniculés , les précédents sont abandonnés, ou parfois servent de plats de résistance. La compétition est donc assez forte et les fourmis agissent comme des agents de sélection.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 18pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 130%;"><b><span style="text-decoration: underline;"> </span></b><span style="color: #333333;"><br /></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 18pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 130%;"><span style="color: #333333;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">Trophobionte</span> : Insecte qui fournit du miellat aux fourmis (voir trophobiose).<o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 18pt; margin-bottom: 12pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 130%;"><span style="color: #666666;">(d'après Wilson et Holldöbler, 1990)</span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 18pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 130%; font-weight: bold;">Trophobiose</span> :<span style="font-size: 130%;"><span style="color: #333333;">( trophobiosis) Relation dans laquelle les fourmis reçoivent du miellat des pucerons et d'autres homoptères, ou de chenilles de certains papillons des familles de Lycaenidae et Riodinidae, et en retour protègent ces insectes.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 18pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 130%;"><span style="color: #666666;">(d'après Wilson et Holldöbler, 1990)</span></span><span style="color: #333333;"> <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_Z48QnBq5uhQ/TAGBcA9glLI/AAAAAAAACoA/5c85mv7iyKg/s1600/lasius_brunneus_pucerons.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_Z48QnBq5uhQ/TAGBcA9glLI/AAAAAAAACoA/5c85mv7iyKg/s400/lasius_brunneus_pucerons.jpg" width="296" /></a></div><br /><br /><a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_Z48QnBq5uhQ/SbmhJynMefI/AAAAAAAAAq0/FvixLO7lGHk/s1600-h/fourmi_pucerons_17.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5312454425037273586" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_Z48QnBq5uhQ/SbmhJynMefI/AAAAAAAAAq0/FvixLO7lGHk/s320/fourmi_pucerons_17.jpg" style="cursor: pointer; height: 320px; width: 299px;" /></a><br /><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_Z48QnBq5uhQ/Sbmg_yuJEYI/AAAAAAAAAqs/s8cEU1t5_SE/s1600-h/fourmi_pucerons_13.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5312454253267718530" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_Z48QnBq5uhQ/Sbmg_yuJEYI/AAAAAAAAAqs/s8cEU1t5_SE/s320/fourmi_pucerons_13.jpg" style="cursor: pointer; height: 306px; width: 320px;" /></a><br /><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_Z48QnBq5uhQ/Sbmg3EqCpTI/AAAAAAAAAqk/bLuLOPZ-pdQ/s1600-h/fourmi_pucerons_11.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5312454103463535922" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_Z48QnBq5uhQ/Sbmg3EqCpTI/AAAAAAAAAqk/bLuLOPZ-pdQ/s320/fourmi_pucerons_11.jpg" style="cursor: pointer; height: 320px; width: 294px;" /></a><br /><br /><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_Z48QnBq5uhQ/SbmgNaiTbvI/AAAAAAAAAqU/Jynx9tZdK0E/s1600-h/fourmi_pucerons_8.jpg" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5312453387782156018" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_Z48QnBq5uhQ/SbmgNaiTbvI/AAAAAAAAAqU/Jynx9tZdK0E/s320/fourmi_pucerons_8.jpg" style="cursor: pointer; height: 307px; width: 320px;" /></a><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/7803241408560931490-7555834739144745478?l=fourmis-pucerons.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>cékikihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18409294708156283150noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7803241408560931490.post-35916011559816042572009-03-11T17:03:00.000-07:002009-03-13T17:27:11.089-07:00Certain'es plantes ont des secrétions. Ce sont des nectaires dont la composition fait également le régal des fourmis :<br /><span style="font-style: italic;"> Formica sanguinea</span> :<br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_Z48QnBq5uhQ/Sbr5eFakakI/AAAAAAAAAs8/c3HHoPDdD-w/s1600-h/formica_sanguinea_nectar_4.jpg"><img style="cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 321px;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_Z48QnBq5uhQ/Sbr5eFakakI/AAAAAAAAAs8/c3HHoPDdD-w/s400/formica_sanguinea_nectar_4.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5312833005681928770" border="0" /></a><br /><span style="font-style: italic;">Camponotus aethiops </span>:<br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_Z48QnBq5uhQ/Sbr5H99X--I/AAAAAAAAAs0/aj2RIUdh9eQ/s1600-h/camponotus_aethiops_nectar_1.jpg"><img style="cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 379px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_Z48QnBq5uhQ/Sbr5H99X--I/AAAAAAAAAs0/aj2RIUdh9eQ/s400/camponotus_aethiops_nectar_1.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5312832625723309026" border="0" /></a><br /><span style="font-style: italic;">Crematogaster scutellaris</span> :<br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_Z48QnBq5uhQ/Sbr5CWR9ukI/AAAAAAAAAss/keErK_Q6YYE/s1600-h/crematogaster_scutellaris_bignone_03.jpg"><img style="cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 400px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_Z48QnBq5uhQ/Sbr5CWR9ukI/AAAAAAAAAss/keErK_Q6YYE/s400/crematogaster_scutellaris_bignone_03.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5312832529172904514" border="0" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_Z48QnBq5uhQ/Sbr44JsUmKI/AAAAAAAAAsk/xV4FFiVZL90/s1600-h/crematogaster_scutellaris_bignone_02.jpg"><img style="cursor: pointer; width: 390px; height: 400px;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_Z48QnBq5uhQ/Sbr44JsUmKI/AAAAAAAAAsk/xV4FFiVZL90/s400/crematogaster_scutellaris_bignone_02.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5312832353995102370" border="0" /></a><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_Z48QnBq5uhQ/Sbr4wXP8UCI/AAAAAAAAAsc/OEiVNT0BMOU/s1600-h/nectaires01.jpg"><img style="cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 319px;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_Z48QnBq5uhQ/Sbr4wXP8UCI/AAAAAAAAAsc/OEiVNT0BMOU/s400/nectaires01.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5312832220195213346" border="0" /></a><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/7803241408560931490-3591601155981604257?l=fourmis-pucerons.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>cékikihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18409294708156283150noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7803241408560931490.post-58324208448661649042009-03-10T17:02:00.000-07:002009-08-19T06:52:21.841-07:00Symptômes : vos feuilles de laitues jaunissent ? Ne pas chercher : pucerons des racines.<br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_Z48QnBq5uhQ/SbrzO9hk0gI/AAAAAAAAArc/cab67NgRqYc/s1600-h/profil_puceron_1.jpg"><img style="cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 241px;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_Z48QnBq5uhQ/SbrzO9hk0gI/AAAAAAAAArc/cab67NgRqYc/s400/profil_puceron_1.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5312826148796027394" border="0" /></a><br />Si vous apercevez un amas blanc quasi poudreux en arrachant la plante, c'est bien aux pucerons des racines que vous avez affaire.<br /><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_Z48QnBq5uhQ/SbrzrCR3k7I/AAAAAAAAArk/oVXNnqDNecw/s1600-h/pucerons_racines_3.jpg"><img style="cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 400px;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_Z48QnBq5uhQ/SbrzrCR3k7I/AAAAAAAAArk/oVXNnqDNecw/s400/pucerons_racines_3.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5312826631108662194" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_Z48QnBq5uhQ/Sbr0U_6jeAI/AAAAAAAAArs/x6rO7gJInSM/s1600-h/puceron_racine_2.jpg"><img style="cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 400px;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_Z48QnBq5uhQ/Sbr0U_6jeAI/AAAAAAAAArs/x6rO7gJInSM/s400/puceron_racine_2.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5312827352028510210" border="0" /></a><br />Le plus connu de ces pucerons a faili faire disparaître les vignes en France au début du siècle précédent. <span style="font-weight: bold;">PHYLLOXERA</span> !<br />250 espèces de pucerons sont ravageurs. Autant dire que c'est l'ennemi des jardiniers. Mais l'ami des fourmis !<br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_Z48QnBq5uhQ/Sbr0jUGeHgI/AAAAAAAAAr0/Ds85hdq_QwY/s1600-h/puceron_racine_tetramonium_1.jpg"><img style="cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 400px;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_Z48QnBq5uhQ/Sbr0jUGeHgI/AAAAAAAAAr0/Ds85hdq_QwY/s400/puceron_racine_tetramonium_1.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5312827597965368834" border="0" /></a><br /><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_Z48QnBq5uhQ/Sbr0vWcy8UI/AAAAAAAAAr8/3qURJE8tBMc/s1600-h/tetram_pucerons_2_hf.jpg"><img style="cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 400px;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_Z48QnBq5uhQ/Sbr0vWcy8UI/AAAAAAAAAr8/3qURJE8tBMc/s400/tetram_pucerons_2_hf.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5312827804754309442" border="0" /></a><br /><br />Les pucerons nourrissent directement les larves. Les ouvrières les approchent de l'anus pour en tirer le miellat :<br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_Z48QnBq5uhQ/SowDfoUXHlI/AAAAAAAABQk/3IgMRo6Jo1s/s1600-h/pucerons_tetramorium_2.jpg"><img style="cursor: pointer; width: 316px; height: 400px;" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_Z48QnBq5uhQ/SowDfoUXHlI/AAAAAAAABQk/3IgMRo6Jo1s/s400/pucerons_tetramorium_2.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5371672297479806546" border="0" /></a><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_Z48QnBq5uhQ/SowDa0TXxRI/AAAAAAAABQc/MWitkZvCzbI/s1600-h/pucerons_tetramorium_1.jpg"><img style="cursor: pointer; width: 370px; height: 400px;" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_Z48QnBq5uhQ/SowDa0TXxRI/AAAAAAAABQc/MWitkZvCzbI/s400/pucerons_tetramorium_1.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5371672214797534482" border="0" /></a><br /><br />Sa tête de face :<br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_Z48QnBq5uhQ/Sbr1Dt1rgwI/AAAAAAAAAsE/eoFCg09MTr0/s1600-h/tete_puceron_2.jpg"><img style="cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 367px;" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_Z48QnBq5uhQ/Sbr1Dt1rgwI/AAAAAAAAAsE/eoFCg09MTr0/s400/tete_puceron_2.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5312828154630079234" border="0" /></a><br />Un conseil de jardinier pour s'en débarrasser . Moins d'azote l'hiver, arrosages réguliers et désinfecter au purin d'ortie. Rotation des cultures. Les fourmis iront voir ailleurs.<div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/7803241408560931490-5832420844866164904?l=fourmis-pucerons.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>cékikihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18409294708156283150noreply@blogger.com0